Amon Rûdh
The bald hill. This was the home of Mîm the petty dwarf and later became the lair of Túrin Turumbar and his band of outlaws. Mîm betrayed the men to a band of orcs who attacked the stronghold and captured Túrin.
Ard Galen
Green region. A grassy plain north of Dorthonion and south of the lands of Angband. After the Dagor Bragollach (the battle of sudden flame - fourth of the great battles of Beleriand), it became a wasteland and was renamed Anfauglith (gasping dust).
Bay of Balar / Isle of Balar
At the beginning of the First Age, The Valar summoned the elves of Middle Earth to join them in the West. Those who made it to the west coasts of Beleriand were drawn across the ocean on an island by the Vala Ulmo. The Isle of Balar is said to have been a part of that island that broke off and stayed behind.
Towards the end of the third age, the elves at the havens of Falas were attacked by the armies of Morgoth and retreated across the sea to the Isle of Balar.
Belegost
Great fortress. One of the two great cities of the dwarves in the blue mountains. Gabilgathol in the Sindarin language.
Brithombar
Northern haven of the Falas. Cirdan the telerin elf was Lord of the Falas lands on the west coast of Beleriand.
Doriath
King Thingol established a kingdom of elves in this wooded region and with the aid of dwarves, built great halls in the caves of Menegroth.
Dorthonion
Land of pines. This land was long defended from the forces of Morgoth in the north by elves led by Angrod and Aegnor (two of the sons of Feanor). After the Dagor Bragollach (the battle of sudden flame - fourth of the great battles of Beleriand) it came under the shadow of Morgoth and was known as Deldúwath and Taur-nu-fuin (The forest under nightshade). After that time a group of men led by Barahir held the land against the orcs until all but Beren (Barahir's son) were killed.
Eglarest
Southern haven of the Falas. Cirdan the telerin elf was Lord of the Falas lands on the west coast of Beleriand. Gondolin
The hidden city of Gondolin.
March of Maedhros
This area was an open land that was vulnerable to attack from Morgoth's forces in the north. It was guarded for a while by a large force of noldor elves led by Maedhros, the eldest son of Feanor and his brother Maglor. The main citadel on this land was on the hill of Himring.
Menegroth
Menegroth was a series of caves that King Thongol turned into great halls, with the help of some dwarven craftsmen.
Nan Dungortheb
Valley of dreadful death. This valley between the mountains of Ered Gorgoroth and the Girdle of Melian was a land full of fear & darkness. Many of the giant spider offspring of Ungoliant lived there.
Nargothrond
The underground fortress founded by Finrod Felagund. It was later destroyed by Glaurung the dragon.
Nogrod
Hollow Dwelling. One of the two great cities of the dwarves in the blue mountains. Tumunzahar in the sindarin language.
Tol Galen
This large island in the middle of the river Adurant is where Beren and Luthien lived after returning from the undying lands.
Tol Sirion
An island in the middle of the great river Sirion. Finrod built a city called Minas Tirith on this island. That city was captured by Sauron two years after the Dagor Bragollach (the battle of sudden flame - fourth of the great battles of Beleriand). It was then named Tol-in-Gaurhoth. Beren was later rescued from there by Luthien.
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